Analyse the Different Ways in Which Countries Can Attempt

Firstly, the economic problem is split into three questions, which are: what to produce? How to produce? Who to produce for? These three questions can also be summed up as scarcity which is the inadequate amount of resources available. Consumers have wants which are unlimited; they would always want more, but due to the economic problem, scarcity, not everyone will get there ‘want’ fulfilled, therefore causing a problem. Different countries can attempt to overcome the economic problem in several ways; which is to apply a different economy system to their country.Due to scarcity consumers will now have to make a choice of what they want, by sacrificing the next best alternative when making a decision, this is known as opportunity cost. This is an example of an opportunity cost. â€Å"Airport operators like the GMR-led DIAL and GVK-led Mumbai International Airport Limited (MIAL) have argued that they could have invested the money raised in the form of security deposits fr om this land in any other venture they wanted. † Vikas Dhoot. (2012). Airport operators want opportunity cost for land security deposits. Available: http://articles. economictimes. ndiatimes. com/2012-01-27/news/30670362_1_security-deposits-airport-operators-airport-project. Last accessed 26th October 2012. Scarcity is fluctuated by the factors of production, when there is little factor of production the higher the scarcity and when higher the factor of production the lower the scarcity level. Factor of production combined create goods and services for consumers; these factor of production consist of labour, land, capital and enterprise. Labour are the individuals/employees who are part of this project to create goods and services for consumers.Labours are awarded with wages/salaries for their human effort in production. Land is the natural resource available, and this could be let out to firms, as the firm would pay them back via rent. Capital are assets used to produce goods , these are things as machinery, vehicle, factories. Finally, enterprise, someone who is initiative, risk taker and good leadership skill, as they are the one who created this project in first place to provide goods and service, maybe in order to maximise profit. Example of good entrepreneur is Steve Jobs who was all behind the creation of Apple and the success of it.Factors of production causes scarcity which in turns leads to people making choices due to the economy problem in the country; however countries do follow economy system to try and overcome these problems. These are: free market economy; mixed economy and command economy. All three handle with basic economic problem differently and are applied in many different countries. Free market economy is an economy system which is controlled by supply and demand and has very little or non-government influence. Hong Kong has been one of the freest market economy countries in the world. This year, however, several government moves have sparked renewed debate as to whether Hong Kong is abandoning its laissez-faire principles. † Cathy Yan. (2010). Face Off: Is Hong Kong Still a Free Market?. Available: http://blogs. wsj. com/hong-kong/2010/12/20/is-hong-kong-still-a-free-market/. Last accessed 26th October 2012 Some of the characteristics of the free market economy are that everyone is out there to make gains and maximise on them gains. The firms will maximise profit and consumers would have gained a good or service that they wanted.Majority of country’s factor of production, land, are owned by a third party. They will be the private owner of the land which in turn they could rent out to a firm, to place their business in order to produce goods and service. The private owner would then get rent and will hope to maximise profit through the process, this also limits the government’s role. Since there is little or no government influences in free market economy, firms are able to sell anything they want but it is mainly productions of customer’s want.It’ll be a free enterprise so no dictatorship telling labours where they have to work, labours can take any job they want. Also with no barriers to entry or exit it is easy for competition to enter the market and it will be a highly competitive market. Consumers will be looking for which firm can offer them the best deal on their wants whereas firms will be competing for customers and suppliers. Firms may have to give more to the suppliers in order to get them attracted to the firm and decrease price in order to attract consumers.Having competition it may be beneficial to a firm as they may be able to get ideas from a rival firm and yet do better than them. â€Å"Consider Microsoft's standard practice of absorbing any new and interesting technology into their operating system. In DOS 6 it was disk compression. In Windows 3. 11 it was network file access. In Windows 98 the target was the web browser. In Windows XP it may well be streaming multimedia. It's very hard to exist in a marketplace when one of your competitors is more or less giving away your

In Construction Final Report

Through this search we are able to identify & analyze the factors through which small construction companies can gain competitive advantage over their close competitors. Also studied various Project Management techniques that can foster growth of small and developing companies in this sector. This report also identifies the upcoming opportunities that the small and budding companies have in the construction industry. Lastly, it also talks about the key hindrances faced by Indian construction companies in running their operations with suggestions to overcome them. Introduction The Construction industry of India is an important indicator of the placement as it creates investment opportune ties across various related sectors. The construction industry contributed an estimated RSI. 7,807 billion to the national GAP in 2013-14 which amounted to around 9%. The industry is fragmented, with a handful of major companies involved in the construction activities across all segments. Besides, the re are medium sized companies specializing in niche activities and small and medium contractors who work on the subcontractor basis and carry out the work in the field.In 2011 there were slightly over 500 construction equipment manufacturing companies in al of India The sector is labor intensive and provides employment, including indirect jobs, to more than 3. 5 core people. The period from 1950 to mid 1 ass's witnessed the government playing an active role in the development of these services and most of construction activities during this period were carried out by State owned enterprises and supported by government departments. In the first five-year plan, construction of civil works was allotted nearly 50 % of the total capital outlay.The first professional consultancy company, National Industrial Development Corporation (MIND), was set up in the public sector in 1954. Subsequently, many architectural, design engineering and construction companies were set up in the public secto r such as Indian Railways Construction Limited (RECON), National Buildings Construction Corporation (NBC), Rail India Transportation and Engineering Services (RITES), Engineers India Limited (ELL) etc. As well as the private sector such as M N ADSTAR and Co. , Hindustan Construction Company (HOC), Nasals etc.In India Construction has accounted for around 40 per cent of the development investment during the past 50 years. Around 16 per cent of the nation's working population depends on construction for its livelihood and rates assets worth over 200 billion per annum. Total capital expenditure of state and central government was approximately RSI. 8,021 billion in 2011-12 which rose from RSI. L ,436 billion in 1999-2000. The share of the Indian construction sector in total gross capital formation (GIF) came down from 60 per cent in 1970-71 to 34 per cent in 1990-91.Thereafter, it increased to 48 per cent in 1993-94 and stood at 44 per cent in 1999-2000. In the 21st century, there has been an increase in the share of the construction sector in GAP and capital formation. The main reason for this is the increasing emphasis on involving the private sector infrastructure development through public private partnerships (Peps) and mechanisms like build-operate-transfer (BOOT). LITERATURE REVIEW Introduction to the Indian Construction Industry The Construction Industry in India is the second largest employer of the country after agriculture, accounting for 1 1 % of Indian's GAP.It employs more than 3. 5 scores people & its total market size is estimated at RSI. scores. The level Of a country's development is reflected by its infrastructure & the desperate need for infrastructure development has increased the demand of the construction industry in India. The Indian Construction industry can be divided into three broad segments: Residential, Industrial, Commercial & other buildings. Sewer, Roads, Highways, Bridges, Tunnels & other projects. Specialized activity such as ca rpentry, painting, plumbing & electrical work.Characteristics of the Indian Construction Industry Construction industry is a major job creator: The construction industry accounts for 1 1 % of Indian's gross domestic product (GAP). The industry also generates huge employment opportunities, due to its constant requirement for skilled and unskilled laborers. Moreover, the overall growth of this industry is also positive for sectors such as steel and cement, which are key raw materials. Low entry barriers keep industry fragmented: The construction industry is highly fragmented as low fixed capital requirements for construction contracts remove entry barriers.Capital expenditure is only required for procuring necessary equipments unlike a manufacturing businesses, which require a setup of plants and machinery for production. Possibility of payment delays heightens working capital intensity: Construction projects are mainly funded and managed by the owner. Apart from the initial advance, contractors receive payments after each project lessons is completed. However, timely payments also depend on the owner's credit profile and the nature of the project.Most projects, especially infrastructure, have a gestation period of more than a year. Any delay in payments can push up receivables. Such a scenario makes the construction industry working capital intensive. Projects awarded to lowest bidders, but execution skills crucial too: All governmental construction projects are awarded through a competitive bidding process as more domestic and international contractors have forayed into various infrastructure segments. The project is finally awarded to the sweets bidder.However, besides bidding qualifications, contractors also need to have strong project execution and technical skills to avoid cost and time overruns. To make these imperative, institutions such as National Highways Authority of India (NOAH) penalizes delayed execution of national highway projects, while awardin g timely completion of the same. Input-related risks: Access to inputs is crucial for ensuring timely and cost- effective execution of projects. The major inputs for a construction include: 1 . Labor: Construction work involves both skilled and unskilled labor.Currently, instruction players are struggling with wage increases, which can be attributed to labor shortages and rising inflation. Local job opportunities from government welfare schemes, growth in the overall rural economy and migration of laborers to Gulf countries for better prospects are some reasons that have led to a shortage of construction laborers. To solve labor issues, improve quality and cut wage costs, construction companies are now increasing the extent of mechanization, particularly in huge infrastructure projects such as highway projects. . Raw material: The construction industry is raw material-intensive. Any change in prices of raw materials like steel, cement, bitumen etc. Impacts players' profitability. Ho wever, the impact is limited to the extent of the proportion of fixed price contracts in a company's order book. Some construction companies also own quarries so as to ensure constant raw material supply. 3. Land acquisition and government clearances: Land and the related government clearances are the other important inputs for construction work.Delays in these may increase the gestation period of projects, which can impact the profitability of the project. Recent developments in the Indian Construction Industry The Indian government has recently initiated some policy changes in some sectors of the industry and order inflows have improved in some others. Though, the strained financial position Of companies will continue to impact the industry's execution pace in 2014-15. It is therefore expected that the industry's revenues will grow at a tepid pace of 6% to 8% during the year.The poor financial position of construction companies is reflected in their poorly profitable and highly le veraged balance sheets. Operating margins of construction companies fell by about in 2012-13, as input costs rose ND lower margin segments such as road projects gained share in the order book. Competitive pressures have also been impacting margins. Slow execution and its impact on fixed cost of companies shaved off 5% to on an average, from the operating margins of companies in 2013-14.In order to protect their margins, players are now exercising more caution in bidding and competition in the industry has moderated. Yet, the hangover of aggressive bidding of the past and the current execution delays continue to weigh on profitability in 2014-15 also. Further, the gearing (Debt-Equity ratio) f construction companies has been rising over the past two years, impacting the financial flexibility of companies. Gearing of major construction companies rose to 3. 3 times in 2012-13, from 2. 1 times in 2008-09.Net margins, which had been sliding since 2010-11, fell further by 7% in 2012-13 ow ing to higher interest outgo. The industry (with the only exception of L&T) reported net losses from April 2013 to October 2013. According to the twelfth five year plan, more than 40% of the total government spends have been allocated to construction per SE explicitly, along with various construction projects that will be undertaken for other areas of expenditure. The table below illustrates the sector wise investments for the twelfth five year plan.Five Forces Analysis of the Indian Construction Industry Us mammary: The construction and engineering industry is characterized by large incumbents operating alongside smaller companies. Rivalry is eased somewhat by companies diversifying operations into other sectors. There are a small numbers of buyers in this industry, and typically large in size. Similarly suppliers have a great deal of power over market players as their raw materials are essential for players' businesses. However suppliers have also offered the effects of the global economic crisis, seeing the prices of many raw materials rise.There are few, if any, substitutes available in this industry. Bargaining power of Buyers: Buyers in this industry tend to be large and few in number. Typically the main buyers are government agencies or large private-sector customers, usually corporate rather than individuals. Generally, in this industry, customers invite market players to tender for contracts which are on the customers' terms. This means the buyer is in a more powerful position as they specifically define the parameters of the project.

The Twilight Saga 5: Midnight Sun 20. Tracker

Each vampire strode out of the forest with a wild expression on their face while their brilliant bright red eyes glittered. The three of them came closer together once they saw how many of us there were. The female had long red curly hair and a catlike appearance. The two males were both tall and built. As they came closer to my family I could understand their chaotic thoughts – our family was large for our kind and civilized compared to most other nomads. I knew what these kind of vampires looked like already, so their torn clothes, disheveled hair and bare feet were not something that would take me off guard. All of their thoughts were thinking in sync with each other. How many vampires are there? They were all shocked as they made their way towards us. Our numbers were an unpleasant surprise to them. They drifted ever closer to us with extreme caution. Carlisle, Emmett and Jasper walked toward the approaching vampires to greet them, leaving only a short distance between us. I stationed myself securely in front of Bella. The visitors were cautiously looking around, mentally tabulating their chances of winning if a fight were to ensue. Once they began closing ranks with my family I began to listen carefully to their thoughts, making sure none of them sensed Bella for what she was ?C a human. Their eyes aren't red†¦ but†¦ How weird. The vampire named Laurent thought. As they descended upon us I had already figured out their names. Each one of them was thinking about the other in turn. The vampire named Victoria was looking anxiously between Laurent and the other male vampire, James. She didn't like the idea that James had to put Laurent in the front ?C to seem the leader of their coven but she was also grateful that he did because if there was an attack Laurent would be killed first and not her precious James. Her eyes darted in our direction. Why are they huddled around that one girl? Victoria thought. As she continued to look in our direction I concentrated on her thoughts alone. She was unknowingly absorbing the signs of the subtle differences between our kind and Bella's. Bella was the only human in a sea of vampires. The scent had not hit her yet. I began concentrating on the others thoughts also. James was a particularly vicious vampire. He was constantly gloating about how superior he was in his mind. James had caught sight of the many scars on Jaspers skin. Look at all of those battle scars. I'll keep my eye on him. He is the real danger of this coven. James was thinking strategy. I just don't understand why so many would gather together like this. Laurent thought. My family and the visitors finally met. â€Å"We thought we heard a game,† Laurent said lazily. â€Å"I'm Laurent, these are Victoria and James.† He gestured toward the others. Carlisle looked completely at ease as he spoke. â€Å"I'm Carlisle,† he began in a hollow voice. â€Å"This is my family, Emmett and Jasper, Rosalie, Esme and Alice, Edward and Bella.† He pointed to each grouping as he spoke. The new comers still hadn't caught scent of Bella but James was peering around me to her. He was noticing that her cheeks were tinged lightly with a pinkish glow and how her eyes were a dark chocolate brown. He stepped closer, unintentionally, to get a better look. â€Å"Do you have room for a few more players?† Laurent asked cordially. â€Å"Actually, we were just finishing up. But we'd certainly be interested another time. Are you planning to stay in the area for long?† Carlisle said in faux enthusiasm, though Laurent hadn't noticed. How long do they plan to be in the area? It's doubtful they would be able to stay here for long. Victoria looked at us incredulously. â€Å"We're headed north, in fact, but we were curious to see who was in the neighborhood. We haven't run into any company in a long time.† Laurent replied amicably. There is something about the dark haired girl. James continued to look at her. His eyes wondered to mine as he continued to think strategically. He doesn't seem like too much for a threat. He thought scathingly. I didn't let my expression change ?C the less he knew about me and my ability, the better. Jasper could feel the extreme hostility emitting from James so he used his gift to calm him down, along with sending waves of calm to the other vampires. James' thoughts returned to the conversation once he heard Carlisle's response. â€Å"No, this region is usually empty except for us and the occasional visitor, like yourselves.† Carlisle explained. Except for them? All three thought simultaneously. Jasper was truly talented. His continuous calm had changed the atmosphere into a more controllable situation. â€Å"What's your hunting range?† Laurent inquired. â€Å"The Olympic Range here, up and down the Coast Ranges on occasion. We keep a permanent residence nearby. There's another permanent settlement like ours up near Denali.† Carlisle explained. A permanent residence? They all thought together. They never leave? How is that possible? Laurent thought in astonishment before voicing his question. â€Å"Permanent? How do you manage that?† he asked, intrigued. This could be our opportunity to get Bella away from here. Be ready to move her away from them. Carlisle directed his thoughts to me. â€Å"Why don't you come back to our home with us and we can talk comfortably?† Carlisle invited. â€Å"It's a rather long story,† he explained. Home? Victoria and James thought together and then exchanged incredulous looks. â€Å"That sounds very interesting, and welcome.† Laurent smiled while choosing his words carefully. â€Å"We've been on the hunt all the way down from Ontario, and we haven't had the chance to clean up in a while.† I wonder what it is like to be so clean and dressed so nicely all the time, Laurent wondered. â€Å"Please don't take offense, but we'd appreciate it if you'd refrain from hunting in this immediate area. We have to stay inconspicuous, you understand.† Carlisle asked politely. â€Å"Of course,† Laurent nodded. â€Å"We certainly won't encroach on your territory. We just ate outside of Seattle, anyway,† he laughed while picturing his last prey and the kill. What? You idiot! Why would you agree to that? James roared in apparent displeasure. I could feel Bella shaking and I tried to hide her obvious human tendencies from the visitors. The constant deluge of thoughts had me struggling trying to keep up with everything. I focused on the threat and Carlisle. Get ready to get her out of here! Carlisle ordered me. â€Å"We'll show you the way if you'd like to run with us ?C Emmett and Alice, you can go with Edward and Bella to get the Jeep,† Carlisle said as casually as possible while inconspicuously directing Emmett and Alice of what to do. I could hear the wind from a mile away before it hit us. Alice looked at me frantically for a fraction of a second as she realized this, too, and her vision of us escaping unscathed shifted abruptly. I saw it flash and in that second I realized what was going to happen. The wind was only a second away and I was prepared. Suddenly the wind blew Bella's hair off her neck and sent her fragrance soaring towards the other vampires. James turned to face her as many thoughts went running through his head. I was preparing to protect Bella. Her scent had been punctuated by the moisture in the air, just like always. A howling rush of anxious thoughts came flowing out of my families minds as they realized the danger. Ummm†¦what a delicious scent, he thought hungrily. His nostrils flared to bring her scent deeper into his lungs, he crouched down, preparing to spring. His eyes narrowed while coming closer to Bella. I was a step ahead of him and so was my family because they had caught her scent strongly on the wind before he did. He was not going to lay a single finger on Bella. My protective side took over and a ferocious snarl ripped up my throat menacingly towards James. I met his gaze unflinchingly and he was suddenly very still like a dog who's hunting a rabbit, ready to attack. â€Å"What's this?† Laurent exclaimed in surprise. Why are they protecting her? She is just a human and an exceptionally frail one at that! This is going to be harder than my last hunt. James thought in a sinister way, determined to seize her at the first opportunity. His thoughts continued on a visual basis as I saw that he would pick victims who were harder to catch and track them down – delighting in the hunt. He continued to dwell on his satisfying memories of his obsession. The harder the kill, the more thrilling he found it. A sickening jolt ran through my stomach as I realized that if we didn't kill him now that he would continue to hunt Bella until she was dead. I shifted simultaneously with each movement he was planning to make. â€Å"She's with us,† Carlisle claimed quickly, almost in a threat. The scent didn't register with Laurent or Victoria for a few seconds longer. When it finally registered with them the scent was obviously not as strong to them as it was to James. â€Å"You brought a snack?† Laurent had a smile spread across his face as he took a step forward, ignoring everyone's protective stance. He was resisting the temptation much easier than James. A small horrified gasp exited Bella's lips. Another growl ripped up my throat, harsher than before. My teeth were showing and it sent a jolt of unease down Laurent's spine. He stepped back. â€Å"I said she's with us,† Carlisle looked tense and protective. â€Å"But she's human,† Laurent protested with a quizzical look on his face, slightly taken aback. Maybe this is how they stay inconspicuous†¦keeping a human as a pet? â€Å"Yes,† Emmett replied while stepping towards James. Laurent knew better than to become aggressive when there were so many vampires protecting Bella. He caught sight of Jasper who had his hands clenched so tightly that his scars shown pearly white. He looked quickly away and towards James while giving him a dark look. What the hell are you doing? Are you trying to get us killed? He thought. James slowly pulled out of his crouch but his thoughts and eyes were still on Bella. No matter what happened now, he was going to hunt her. Tonight ?C she will be mine, James thought excitedly. This should make for a much more interesting sport, he continued and it was obvious that our presence made the hunt considerably more interesting. I refused to move from my protective stance, remaining forcibly in his way. Jasper's waves of calm were working on the other two vampires but not on James. He seemed completely unaffected, like his body overrode it for the mere thought of a hunt as intriguing as this one would be. This one should be fun; I bet James is already making plans. Victoria thought while failing extravagantly to hide the excitement of the hunt on her face. â€Å"It appears we have a lot to learn about each other,† Laurent spoke smoothly, trying to placate the situation. â€Å"Indeed,† Carlisle's voice was relatively calm. I don't understand the fascination. â€Å"But we'd like to accept your invitation.† Laurent's eyes darted toward Bella and me and then quickly away. Good†¦Good, keep talking. This should help me out, James thought while his face lit up with a feverous fanatical glow. â€Å"And, of course, we will not harm the human girl. We won't hunt in your range, as I said.† Laurent added. James threw him a disgruntled look. Well that doesn't help me out at all, he thought angrily. Or†¦maybe this will bring them into a false sense of security and they will let their guard down, James continued to plan in his head. Carlisle studied Laurent's expression for several seconds. He seems to be handling this relatively well. I don't think inviting them over will hurt anything, Carlisle contemplated. â€Å"We'll show you the way. Jasper, Rosalie, Esme?† he called. All three of them moved forward blocking Bella from their view. Alice bounded up next to Bella while Emmett walked backwards to us, never letting James out of his sight, knowing that I could see everything he saw. I'm coming with you, Edward. I won't let anything happen to Bella, Emmett thought protectively. We need to leave now, Alice thought urgently. â€Å"Let's go, Bella.† I commanded. Bella didn't move; her eyes were wide in terror and shock. I grabbed her by the elbow and pulled her towards the jeep. Emmett and Alice stayed behind me, protecting both of us from any form of attack they might try to come at us with, all of us working as a seamless team. We don't have much time, Edward. James will be after Bella shortly. Carlisle won't be able to stall them for long. Alice looked upset. My impatience of her slow human pace was unbearable so by the time we reached the forest edge I threw Bella on my back as gentle as I could without slowing down and then I ran for it. Emmett and Alice were struggling to keep up with me; I was flying through the forest in a fury trying to get Bella away from the danger. I knew that this whole experience was jarring for Bella but the most important thing right now was for her to be safe. When we arrived next to the jeep I opened the door to the backseat and practically threw her in as the rest of us hurried into the Jeep. The key was protruding from the ignition already and I turned it quickly while the engine roared to life. â€Å"Strap her in,† I ordered Emmett who was already in the backseat. We have to go ?C now! Alice shouted from her head. She was already sitting in the passenger's seat looking extremely anxious. Her thoughts were unnecessary because I was already spinning the Jeep around to face the mountain road. Hurry, he's close. Alice's eyes were wide with terror for Bella. I was muttering ferociously while several profanities come through my lips, words that I would never use in front of a lady. Emmett and Alice were on full alert, constantly updating me in their thoughts at what was going on around us. I can't hear or see anything. Emmett informed me urgently. He lost Bella's scent once we took off in the Jeep, she explained to me, relaxing slightly. I watched Bella in the review mirror and through Emmett's eyes. She was bouncing up and down on the seat, her eyes wide. I suddenly wished Jasper had come along with us to keep her calm. Go south, they will split up but the prospects of them finding us are slim. Oh, she paused in thought, looks like they aren't planning to leave so quickly after everything after all. I wonder what they are going to do, Alice tried to look further in the future but there were too many decisions that hadn't been decided yet. I turned south on the main road. â€Å"Where are we going?† Bella finally spoke with a squeak. No one answered her. Just tell her, Alice commanded. I shook my head slightly. Emmett realized we were having one of our private conversations and understood what I was answering. â€Å"Dammit, Edward! Where are you taking me?† Bella shouted this time, looking horrified. I looked in the review mirror at her slightly crest fallen face and it broke my resolve. â€Å"We have to get you away from here ?C far away ?C now.† I said hastily. I pressed the accelerator down harder at my words while the Jeep's speed reached a hundred and five miles an hour. â€Å"Turn around! You have to take me home!† she vehemently exclaimed. This is exactly why I didn't want to tell her where we were going because I knew that she would demand what I couldn't give her. I looked in the review mirror again to see her face. She was fighting with the harness, tearing at the straps with tears welling up in her eyes. â€Å"Emmett,† I called. Emmett looked down at her while she was angrily grasping at the straps. Jeez, she is in a fury. Emmett thought. He brought his hands to her wrists and held them tightly in his grasp. Bella looked in the review mirror with pure anguish in her eyes. â€Å"No! Edward! No, you can't do this,† she cried out. When she begged and pleaded with me like this it broke my heart. I returned her gaze in the mirror. â€Å"I have to, Bella, now please be quiet.† I implored. She was stubborn, as always. â€Å"I won't! You have to take me back ?C Charlie will call the FBI! They'll be all over your family ?C Carlisle and Esme! They'll have to leave, to hide forever!† She shouted with a tragic expression displayed on her face. Of course Bella was being selfless. It was just in her nature to care about everyone else when her life was in danger. This was nothing to our family – the FBI ?C it's happened before with Jasper and Emmett. â€Å"Calm down, Bella.† I commanded. â€Å"We've been there before,† I was almost crying with exasperation. â€Å"Not over me, you don't! You're not ruining everything over me!† she began struggling under Emmett's hold. Edward, what do you want me to do? I don't want to hurt her but she is going to hurt herself with all of her struggling. Emmett thoughts became worried immediately. â€Å"Edward, pull over,† Alice directed. Bella has a good plan if you will just listen to her. I gave Alice a grave look while pressing the gas down even harder, showing her that I wasn't even going to slow down, let alone pull over. â€Å"Edward, let's just talk this through,† she continued. He's not following us; he actually has no idea where we went. Now pull over, she inclined her head toward the roads shoulder. â€Å"You don't understand,† I yelled in frustration. Alice had no idea that James was a tracker – that when he hunted his prey he never gave up and always conquered. I couldn't bring Bella back to Forks, he would find her and she would be in danger again. If she were to die, I would too. â€Å"He's a tracker, Alice, did you see that? He's a tracker!† I shouted. Crap! Emmett looked grim. â€Å"Pull over, Edward.† Do it now! We have to talk about this now! We are in this together and we all have to make the decisions together. That includes Bella! Alice raised her eyebrows like she was daring me to disagree with her. I looked down at the speedometer as the Jeep had reached one-twenty. â€Å"Do it, Edward,† Alice said to me in a bossy disapproving voice while glaring at me. She needed to understand, I had to explain to her but I didn't want to say this in front of Bella. I didn't want her to be more terrorized than she already was. I looked into the review mirror again as I saw Bella's encouraging eyes telling me to pull over. Her heart was hammering loudly in her chest and her scent was circling all of us in the Jeep, emphasizing her human frailness. I closed my eyes for a fraction of a second, hoping when I opened them again that this would all be over with. I couldn't stop, I must keep going! â€Å"Listen to me, Alice,† I gave her a reproachful look. â€Å"I saw his mind. Tracking is his passion, his obsession ?C and he wants her, Alice ?C her, specifically. He begins the hunt tonight.† â€Å"He doesn't know where ?C† Alice began but I cut her off. â€Å"How long do you think it will take him to cross her scent in town? His plan was already set before the words were out of Laurent's mouth.† I heard a faint gasp come from Bella's lips and I looked quickly in the review mirror to see her lips parted in pure horror. â€Å"Charlie! You can't leave him there! You can't leave him!† she shouted and began thrashing against Emmett and the harness with nothing but pure worry in her expression. â€Å"She's right,† Alice said while she looked to the future and then she looked at me in horror. I quickly dived into her mind, her vision was devastating. Bella! She will be so hurt and broken I don't know if we could fix her if Charlie is killed. We have to stop him ?C now! At the thought of what this could do to her I automatically slowed down. I didn't want her to die, but I could protect her from him†¦ but I couldn't protect her from the agony, the grief that she would have to suffer if her father was killed. It would be torture to see her in such pain or worse, if she finally took the blame off herself and realized it was entirely my fault and refused to let me comfort her. Alice could almost see my brain hard at work. â€Å"Let's just look at our options for a minute,† she said coaxingly, knowing that I was deep in thought about our options. The Jeep slowed as I took my foot off the accelerator slowly and the speedometer showed the Jeep slowing down to ninety miles an hour. In Alice's vision James would give Victoria the first kill ?C Charlie. Victoria was his mate and they were extremely vicious together, feeding off of each other's ruthlessness. She would display Charlie's dead body to try and coax us back ?C and it would work! I slammed the brakes while pulling into the shoulder. I felt horribly powerless. The car behind me screeched to a halt too and honked their horn. I saw Bella slam back into the seat and I was instantly nervous I had done something to hurt her but she looked unscathed. I turned to look at Alice. â€Å"There are no options,† I howled. To bring her back when that monster was hunting her ?C I just couldn't bare it if something were to happen. My brain was in limbo. â€Å"I'm not leaving Charlie!† Bella yelled louder than I had ever heard but I ignored her. â€Å"We have to take her back,† Emmett said quietly. â€Å"No,† I said with authority. â€Å"He's no match for us, Edward. He won't be able to touch her,† Emmett promised. â€Å"He'll wait,† I explained. We'll beat him at his own game then! â€Å"I can wait, too.† Emmett said while grinning widely. â€Å"You didn't see ?C you don't understand. Once he commits to a hunt, he's unshakeable. We'd have to kill him.† I shouted. And this is a problem because? â€Å"That's an option,† he replied unperturbed. I was becoming angrier because I knew I was going to lose this argument. â€Å"And the female. She's with him. If it turns into a fight, the leader will go with them, too.† Three against seven? Please! â€Å"There are enough of us.† â€Å"There's another option,† Alice replied quietly. She saw what Bella was planning in her head and the only way she saw this plan was if it was a possibility. This made me angrier than before. â€Å"There ?C is ?C no ?C other ?C option!† I shouted. I could see the shock on Bella and Emmett's face in the mirror. I turned to look at Alice. She has a good plan and you know it! Alice barked in her head. I continued to stare at her with deepest dislike. If she doesn't convince James that she is no longer in Forks than he will let Victoria kill Charlie. You can't let that happen. What would Carlisle say? I continued to glare at her and her logic. â€Å"Does anyone want to hear my plan?† Bella asked. â€Å"No,† I growled because I already knew her plan and disagreed with it. I've had enough of this! Alice glared at me so menacingly I almost thought she was going to burn holes through me. â€Å"Listen,† Bella pleaded desperately. â€Å"You take me back.† â€Å"No,† I cut in. I turned to look at her and now she was glaring at me. â€Å"You take me back,† she continued anyway. â€Å"I tell my dad I want to go home to Phoenix. I pack my bags. We wait till this tracker is watching, and then we run. He'll follow us and leave Charlie alone. Charlie won't call the FBI on your family. Then you can take me any damned place you want.† Wow! I like her style. She fights dirty! Emmett looked surprised. Just let her do this, Edward. Alice continued to glare at me. â€Å"It's not a bad idea, really.† Emmett allowed. â€Å"It might work ?C and we simply can't leave her father unprotected. You know that,† Alice replied in a I told you so tone. Everyone's eyes were on me. I took in a deep breath. â€Å"It's too dangerous ?C I don't want him within a hundred miles of her.† â€Å"Edward, he's not getting through us,† Emmett said confidently. I wish I were as confident as he was. I looked at Alice because she started flitting through the future again. Ah, yes, the future is getting clearer. I see†¦ â€Å"I don't see him attacking. He'll try to wait for us to leave her alone.† â€Å"It won't take long for him to realize that's not going to happen,† Emmett said. â€Å"I demand that you take me home.† Bella said firmly. My brain was swelling with the onslaught of information ?C the past events, the present and the future. Bringing my fingers to my temples and squeezing my eyes shut while trying to dispel all thoughts was useless but I tried anyway. â€Å"Please,† Bella whispered a cry. I knew I had to do what was best for Bella all around, not what was just best for me. I decided a compromise would be the best I could deal with. â€Å"You're leaving tonight, whether the tracker sees or not. You tell Charlie that you can't stand another minute in Forks. Tell him whatever story works. Pack the first things your hands touch, and then get in your truck. I don't care what he says to you. You have fifteen minutes. Do you hear me? Fifteen minutes from the time you cross the doorstep.† I conceded. The engine roared to life as I turned the key. I whipped the truck around while listening to everyone's thoughts. I knew this was going to happen, Alice thought smugly. Yes! We get to fight! Hell yes! Emmett rejoiced. â€Å"Emmett?† Bella said. I looked in the mirror and she was looking down at her hands. â€Å"Oh, sorry.† Emmett said while letting go of her wrists. This is the most exciting thing since mine and Jasper's trip to Africa. I hope Edward always keeps Bella around, everything is always so interesting! Emmett continued to think happy thoughts the whole way back to Forks. While everyone else was silent I was working plans in my head. â€Å"This is how it's going to happen,† I began to explain our strategy. â€Å"When we get to the house, if the tracker is not there, I will walk her to the door. Then she has fifteen minutes.† I gave Bella a dark look in the mirror to let her know I wasn't going to change my mind on this point. â€Å"Emmett, you take the outside of the house. Alice, you get the truck. I'll be inside as long as she is. After she's out, you two can take the Jeep home and tell Carlisle.† What? No fight! â€Å"No way,† Emmett interrupted. â€Å"I'm with you.† I sighed. â€Å"Think it through, Emmett. I don't know how long I'll be gone.† I explained. You aren't going to ruin this for me. â€Å"Until we know how far this is going to go, I'm with you,† Emmett said with authority. A growl almost escaped my lips. â€Å"If the tracker is there,† I frowned, â€Å"we keep driving.† No worries! â€Å"We're going to make it there before him,† Alice said with confidence. Oh no you don't, Edward, I'm staying with her. She thought when I planned to send her home.†What are we going to do with the Jeep?† Alice asked to provoke me. I gritted my teeth as I spoke. â€Å"You're driving it home.† No way! â€Å"No, I'm not!† she said coolly. Tonight I just couldn't help myself, a stream of profanities come through my lips, but low enough I was sure Bella couldn't hear them. Would she think of me as a gentleman after this? What a dumb thing to be thinking about in such a crucial moment, I thought to myself. â€Å"We can all fit in my truck,† Bella said quietly. I ignored her, she wasn't helping my cause. â€Å"I think you should let me go alone,† Bella said even more quietly, purposely provoking me. I clenched my teeth and breathed through them slowly. â€Å"Bella, please just do this my way, just this once.† â€Å"Listen, Charlie's not an imbecile,† she continued like she hadn't heard me. â€Å"If you're not in town tomorrow, he's going to get suspicious.† Why does she continually worry about me when she should be worried about herself? Beautiful, selfless, warm, trusting human†¦why do you do this to me? I roared internally. â€Å"That's irrelevant. We'll make sure he's safe, and that's all that matters.† I told her. I could see her rebuttal churning in her eyes before she spoke. â€Å"Then what about this tracker? He saw the way you acted tonight. He's going to think you're with me, wherever you are.† Where on earth did this creature come from? Emmett wondered. â€Å"Edward, listen to her,† he urged. â€Å"I think she's right,† Emmett said, positively delighted. Hum, she has a point. â€Å"Yes, she is,† Alice agreed. They already convinced me to come back to Forks and bring her back to the vampire who hunted her and now they expect me to stay behind! â€Å"I can't do that.† I barked. It was true, it was almost physically impossible for me to leave her now. â€Å"Emmett should stay, too. He definitely got an eyeful of Emmett.† She continued. You have got to be kidding me! She's turning on me now! â€Å"What?† Emmett's eyes narrowed in her direction. I'll placate him. Don't worry. â€Å"You'll get a better crack at him if you stay,† Alice suggested. The way they were planning was driving me insane. I had to put my foot down at some point. â€Å"You think I should let her go alone?† I said incredulously. Do you think I'm an idiot? â€Å"Of course not. Jasper and I will take her.† Duh. I felt like I was being beaten down. They were making sense and I knew it, but I just couldn't stand the pain if something was to happen to her and I wasn't there to protect her. â€Å"I can't do that.† I repeated. Bella spoke up, â€Å"Hang out here for a week ?C† I looked at her in the mirror and she could see my I don't think so expression and amended â€Å"- a few days. Let Charlie see you haven't kidnapped me, and lead this James on a wild-goose chase. Make sure he's completely off my trail. Then come and meet me. Take a roundabout route, of course, and then Jasper and Alice can go home.† It will work. Really. Alice thought to me. â€Å"Meet you where?† I conceded, curiosity getting the best of me. â€Å"Phoenix.† She said matter-of-factly. â€Å"No. He'll hear that's where you're going,† I said impatiently. Oh! Great plan†¦Alice thought seeing what Bella would say before she spoke again. â€Å"And you'll make it look like that's a ruse, obviously. He'll know that we'll know that he's listening. He'll never believe I'm actually going where I say I am going.† Interesting, always interesting. â€Å"She's diabolical,† Emmett began to chuckle and I ignored him. â€Å"And if that doesn't work?† I muttered. â€Å"There are several million people in Phoenix,† she informed me like that settled it. How did our conversation end up like this ?C here, in Forks embracing danger? We should be a hundred miles away by now! â€Å"It's not that hard to find a phone book,† I said grimly. â€Å"I won't go home,† she said happily. This is entertaining, really. Emmett thought with another chuckle in his head. I wanted to roll my eyes at her or shake some sense into her. Maybe she had lost her mind with the stress of the ordeal. â€Å"Oh?† I asked, utterly perplexed. â€Å"I'm quite old enough to get my own place,† she smiled at me in the mirror. It won't come to that. Don't worry. â€Å"Edward, we'll be with her,† Alice winked at me. Everyone had lost their minds. A sadistic vampire was hunting Bella and everyone had turned it into a big joke! â€Å"What are you going to do in Phoenix?† I rebuked. If I have time, shop. She thought but pretended that she didn't think that when she looked at me and replied, â€Å"Stay indoors.† I threw her a disgruntled look. With Jasper gone Edward and I can track this James down and kill him! â€Å"I kind of like it.† Emmett grinned stupidly. I glared at him. â€Å"Shut up, Emmett,† I commanded and I meant that for his thoughts too. It didn't stop him. â€Å"Look, if we try to take him down while she's still around, there's a much better chance that someone will get hurt ?C she'll get hurt, or you will, trying to protect her. Now, if we get him alone†¦Ã¢â‚¬  we can hack him up into little pieces and burn him! Emmett finished in his thoughts with another wide grin spreading across his face at the thought. I saw the bright orange streetlights as they grew brighter and larger as Forks loomed into view. We had finally arrived back in town and I was suddenly anxious that our plan won't work. The streets were empty and it felt like it was an ominous sign. Alice could see the grim expression on my face. She'll be fine, Edward, I've seen it. Alice thought calmy. â€Å"Bella,† I began while Alice and Emmett became alert immediately, gazing raptly out the windows. â€Å"If you let anything happen to yourself ?C anything at all ?C I'm holding you personally responsible. Do you understand that?† I said softly. I heard her loud gulp. â€Å"Yes,† she whispered. I looked at Alice who turned back to me. â€Å"Can Jasper handle this?† He cares for Bella, too. â€Å"Give him some credit, Edward. He's been doing very, very well, all things considered.† I raised an eyebrow. â€Å"Can you handle this?† I asked. I have fewer problems handling it then you do. I'd never hurt Bella. How dare you. Alice thought while a growl ripped up her throat and she pulled back her lips to show her gleaming teeth. Coming from Alice, the very tiny Alice, made me smile despite the events of this evening. â€Å"But keep your opinions to yourself,† I said harshly, knowing that the knowledge of her visions would be too much for Bella to handle. You mean the one where I think you should change her into a vampire so she can live with us forever? She thought with great smugness. I grimaced while pulling into Bella's driveway, looking out at the dark grounds surrounding her house. A lump formed in my throat at the thought of what had to happen next.

FDI Strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

FDI Strategy - Essay Example It is running a thriving business almost in all major countries across the globe and conceivably that is the reason why it is known as the largest conglomerate retailer in the world. Wal-Mart is frequently known as a hypermarket, it works to sale diverse range of commodities and services to the buyers; like from pet shops to cellular phone stores, meat to dairy products. ‘Low price always’ is the catchphrase used by the famous retail organization commonly; it provides goods at the most viable and affordable prices (Stone, 1997). It is likely that majority of the clients of Wal-Mart have no bank accounts and their earnings are less than that of the general average income of the country (Stone, 1997).The company was established in 1962 and helped in serving a healthy contest for all the other small retailers in the economy. Wal-Mart stores are now making substantial amendment in their performances, measures and policies that would help to endorse the use of service animals by customers with disabilities (Lane, 2010). These animals play a chief role to serve independence to people with disabilities. The organization allows animals in their provisions that are well taught; to support people who are physically handicapped (Feed the Future, n.d.). Taking into consideration the world financial disaster the organization has currently changed its catch phrase to ‘Save Money Live Better’ and has efficiently reduced the price of many products sold by them. 2. Analyze the challenges and advantages of FDI for the MNE in the country you selected. The essay explains Wal-Mart’s business attempt in Egypt. The economy of Egypt is a growing economy. In 1990’s the country have received series of financial benefits from the International Monetary Fund (IMF). The nation has received several debt reliefs due to its participation in the Gulf War. All these factors have been responsible for the nation’s considerable macroeconomic performan ces. From 2000 onwards the country has undertaken strict monetary and fiscal policies. These policies undertaken in the country have helped the nation to be liberal towards free market principles and made it open for prompt foreign investments. It is most advantageous for business firms like Wal-Mart to invest in emerging economies like Egypt. This is because these economies have infinite development potential within them. Investing in Egypt will help the company to dramatically improve its portfolios. On the other hand the political and economic conditions of an emerging economy are highly volatile thus it can give favorable or even unfavorable uncertainties to the foreign investors. Wal-Mart should not hesitate investing in Egypt because of the possibilities of unfavorable uncertainties, as this is common to any foreign investments made either in developed or in a developing economy. The markets of most of these economies are fast growing, thus foreign investors may diversify inve stments across several market segments. Moreover the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of Egypt has been $527.6 billion in 2010, $536.9 billion in 2011 and $548.8 billion in 2012, shows a growing trend in the income level of the county (CIA, 2013). Thus if Wal-Mart invests in Egypt it would experience good market demand because along with the rising income level, the purchasing power of the consumers is improving. However there is a strong disadvantage that may arise as a challenge to Wal-Mart while investing in Egypt, the markets of emerging economies

Competitors and Strategic Performance Management Essay

Competitors and Strategic Performance Management - Essay Example Competitors and Strategic Performance Management is one of the crucial strategies for the success of organizations operating in competitive environments. McDonald has built a competitive edge through robust Strategic Performance Management that aligns the performance of its employees to the corporation’s strategic objectives and organization’s vision. McDonald is without any doubt making significant strides in innovation, business expansion, and cost reduction to outmatch its competitors and increase its market share. Proactive approach in managing its business threats keeps McDonald remain valued in the market. In addition, the corporation understands that, there is a need to keep continuing monitoring its business external environment (competitors) to ensure that it formulates the most relevant strategies to promote and cope with stiff competition (Love, 1999). In order to understand its business environment, McDonald analyses its business competitors as those that co mpete with its â€Å"customers spending power.† Some of the identified competitors are; brand competitors, industry competitors and form competitors. The industry competitors are regarded as the most critical ones since they offer almost similar products and services. The corporation further analyses competitors’ characteristics as serving the same customers, having superior or same technologies in products preparation, similar distribution channels, and same target market. McDonald further recognizes the need to examine their competitors existing strategies and objectives. The corporation analyses competitors’ strengths and weaknesses in regard to its business (McDonald, 1996). By undertaking competitors’ analysis, McDonald understands that it will be able to do business forecasts on the competitors’ plans and strategies. Based on the Cohesion Case analysis of MCD, its three major strengths include; large/strong customer base covering approximately 118 countries. For example in Europe, there is an increase in the number of restaurants from 6,650 to 6,485 which reflects a considerable increase in customer base.  

Feedback and changes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 1

Feedback and changes - Essay Example The elderly population, today, did not have computers taught in school (Wood, 2010). The modern world requires everyone to possess basic computer skills. When computer access is necessary to acquire information, senior citizens find difficulty when lacking computer skills (Wood, 2010). Computer technology services may include obtaining government Social Security services Medicare, banking services, and accessing the performance of their children in school (Suntanto, 2012). The elderly population should learn computers because computers are necessary for the best utilizing services and adapting to modern society. A cursory examination of the issue introduced above reveals a number of compelling studies provide a meaningful overview of the computer literacy among the older generation as it stands and its most significant social factors. An examination undertaken in 2011 by McMurtrey carried out a survey of large random sampling of senior citizens in order to gauge their views towards interaction with information technology. McMurtrey (2011) reveal an important point: even if senior citizens do want to learn how to interface with information technology the restriction of access to training or education is an obstacle. Resistance is an issue, which must consider other studies have chosen to look at the issue (Gilly, 2012). The primary obstacle to acceptance seemed to be the usage; lack of support stemming from a lack of available training and education (Gilly, 2012). Many are now undertaking efforts to market information technology directly to seniors by focusing not so much on robust features but on the ease of use, or on bundled training materials (Smith, 2012). Technologies have the potential to play significant roles in the lives of senior citizens and the more comfortable and accepting they are of technologies the more likely they may be able to reap the associated benefits. Tech-savvy (2013) study pointed out 57 percent of all senior

The American Indian Movement and Occupation of Alcatraz Research Paper

The American Indian Movement and Occupation of Alcatraz - Research Paper Example The American Indian Movement (AIM), an armed American Indian civil rights organization, was formed in 1968 in Minneapolis by Dennis Banks, George Mitchell, Eddie Benton Banai, and Clyde Bellecourt. In following years, Russell Means emerged as the leading spokesman for the organization (â€Å"American Indian Movement†). The organization was established in response to police brutality against Native Indian Americans. However, its origins can be traced to the civil right movement of the National Indian Youth Council (NIYC) in the early 1960s. In 1854, Governor of Washington, Isaac Stevens signed a treaty that allowed the native tribes to do fishing according to own traditional styles and preserve the cultural heritage. However, according to the 1960s law reformation, cultural heritage and fishing rights are independent issues and hence, it was prohibited to use traps, nets, and spears (which were the traditional means of fishing for Native Americans) under the state laws (Shepher d 1-2). Also, the federal government’s â€Å"termination policy† brought the tribal lands under state control. Native Indians tribes that came under state jurisdiction suffered the immense loss of land and increased poverty. Many Native men migrated to urban areas for livelihood, however, their poverty continued (Shepherd 1-2). In urban cities, Native Americans suffered a massive oppression, discrimination, and racism. In urbanized surroundings, Native Americans became increasingly restless and knowledgeable about their rights and injustice.

The analysis of the lecture about Human Rights and The Expirence of Essay

The analysis of the lecture about Human Rights and The Expirence of exile - Essay Example In particular, the Iraq Jews are an example of how human rights violation can be rampant in a political system that is not just. The presence of Jews in Islamic world can be traced back in the days of Abraham, Sarah, Rachel, Jacob, David, and Solomon. The Jews and Christians in Iraq were treated as second-class citizens because of their religious affiliation. This shows high level of religious discrimination that was experienced by these citizens who are not actually Muslims. The Jews in Iraq because of their religion were subjected to limited economic opportunities. This cuts across in all sectors of economy and even property ownership. Genocide of Jews in Germany during the Second World War is only but just an example of religious persecution. In the human scriptures though there is no exact word human rights but that does not imply that they do not advocate for equality. For instance, in Exodus and Deuteronomy the laws advocate for slave justice and equality. These scriptures try to caution that everyone is equal. The law of equality is written in every human being’s heart. This means that it should be a natural thing for a person to treat the other with equality regardless of religious affiliation. In any social set up there should be guidelines or provision that should guard or protect the right to any religion. Countries should embrace many religions to avoid religious conflict experienced in most North Africa states in the recent past. The constitution should be in the forefront to promote democracy in all aspect of life. If this is well captured in the constitution then let be assured that the society will be peaceful. Religious discrimination can lead to exemption of basic economic rights. For instance, the Jews living in Iraq, their accounts were frozen. Their schools were closed down and their property seized. This is just a demonstration of how bad the condition can get in a society that does not embrace

Graduate Employability Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Graduate Employability - Essay Example The Department of Trade also ranked Systems Software among the thirty fastest growing professions; Systems Software will grow by 30.4 percent by the year 2018 (Scott, 2012). Trading activities are going international with the increased rate of globalization. Nowadays, a trader does not have to travel to a foreign country in order to purchase merchandise or personal goods. Online orders and payments are sufficient to do financial transactions and transport goods to the buyer. Cross-border traders, therefore, require system developers and administrators to ensure that the transaction systems are updated. The next decade will be characterised three out of four new science and engineering jobs being in computing. For example, two hundred and ninety-five thousand and two hundred jobs (representing 27 percent of the new STEM jobs) will be in software engineering (Scott, 2012). STEM further projects that the number of jobs in Network Analysis and Administration will exceed the number of vac ancies in traditional engineering by two hundred and thirty-five thousand, and seven hundred (Smeding, 2012). Basic computer literacy such as Microsoft Word, PowerPoint, Access and Excel will not enable a prospective employee to secure these jobs. This is because these professional occupations further knowledge and skills gained through the study of Computer Science, Software Engineering and Information Systems. 1.1.1 Computer Science Computer Science will expose the students and job seekers to practical approaches of computation and its applications. Computer Science enables learners of IT/Computing to study the feasibility, mechanization, expression and structure of computer algorithms. The computer algorithms underlie storage, communication, acquisition, representing, and accessing... The primary focus of this essay is to provide insights into the needs and perceptions of graduate employers in the Information Technology/Computing sector. This will be achieved by a close study of the jobs available, the requirements for employment, responsibilities of the employees and their remunerations. The report also covers the necessity of various skills and abilities required by employers, the level of graduate education required to fill the vacant positions, the challenges that companies face in recruiting graduates and views on how graduates can enhance their employability skills. The researcher mentions that the reader of the report will be able to identify the areas that are buoyant or depressed in IT and Computing; the information will be crucial to prospective employees and current students of Information Technology/Computing once they begin searching for jobs. The researcher of this report also focused on the employability skills of people aspiring to pursue courses i n Information Technology/Computing. The esssay considered the general course of computer engineering, and the skills that employers require to hire candidates for computing-related jobs. Information Technology is a broad field of study that encompasses Computer Science, Software Engineering and Information Systems. In conclusion, the researcher also included in this report the descriptions of the occupations, that fall under Computer Science and the salaries that professionals in IT/Computing sector earn.

NURSING HEART FAILURE Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

NURSING HEART FAILURE - Essay Example A diastolic heart failure is characterized by the impairment of filling capacity of the ventricles and no change in the ejection fraction. Congestive heart failure is characterized by circulatory congestion and resulting transudation, particularly in the pulmonary tissue. Decompensated heart failure is an exacerbated heart failure usually due to the non compliance of the patient to pharmacotherapy or suggested behavioral modifications. Symptoms of heart failure include dyspnea, orthopnea, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea and history of oedema (Scottish Intercollegiate Guideline Network, 2009). The symptoms of heart failure depend upon the side of the affected ventricle. If the right ventricle is affected, symptoms will include peripheral oedema that involves thighs, sacrum and abdominal walls, ascites, anorexia, engorgement of facial veins, tricuspid regurgitation that manifests as pulsations in neck and face, epistaxis and depression. If the left ventricle is involved, the symptoms incl ude dyspnea, impaired exercise tolerance, orthopnea, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, nocturnal cough with or without pink frothy sputum, cold peripheries, cardiac asthma and muscle wasting. The lifetime risk of developing heart failure in an otherwise healthy 40-year old individual is approximately 1 in 5 in the general population (Djousse, 2009). The prevalence of this disease is rising across the world and this places an extra burden on the healthcare systems. While pharmacotherapies are very important, heart failure patients benefit greatly from the behavioral modifications that are a part of standard counseling sessions. This is where the nursing staff plays a key role in managing the patient. Part 2- consider an individual who has the diagnosis of heart failure. Discuss how the nurse can enable the patient to make alterations to his/her lifestyle to improve his/her health. Within your discussion you should examine the use of relevant models/theories that can improve the process o f behavior change. Introduction Chronic heart failure has multiple risk factors and the number of patients suffering from chronic heart failure is increasing by the hour. While genetic propensity in the development of cardiovascular disease is currently under a lot of light, the elimination of risk factors has shown to prevent heart disease and delay the onset of disease in patients with a genetic tendency towards heart failure. These factors include alcohol consumption, smoking tobacco, inactive lifestyle, high intake of food rich in salts and animal fat and stress. The disease may be further aggravated by non-compliance to pharmacotherapy. None of these factors are isolated factors and one person may be exposed to more than one or all of these factors. What is even more important is the fact that these factors, as harmful as they are, are socially accepted activities and therefore, it is imperative to derive a policy and structure that not only deals with this acceptance while mak ing people aware of the hazards that these factors pose but also to take steps that translate into optimal behavioral changes that lead to better cardiac health. Behavioral change theories have been gaining a lot of importance when it comes to planning and implementing public policies as well as designing programs that maximize the number of beneficiaries in the shortest possible time. These theories

Affect of Language Learning Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Affect of Language Learning - Assignment Example Researchers have discovered that reading skills, intelligence levels, and verbal fluency are always improved through learning a second language. The researchers conducted their research on this issue by using 853 individuals. They used the data of these individuals when they were at the age of 11 and later when they had attained an age of 70. Previously, a certain research had proved that the bilinguals had delays of several years during the onset of dementia (Wolfgang, 2001). Most of the people who choose to learn a second language are always in their later stages of life. When a person attains bilingualism in the later stages of life, there are many benefits to an aging brain. The cognitive abilities are always altered when individuals attain bilingualism at a later stage of their life. Apart from having an improved intelligence level, those who learn more than one language at an older age tend to possess considerably superior cognitive abilities. The reading skills and the general intelligence level are most greatly affected. Such effects are not only present in those individuals who learn a second language in their earlier stage of life, but also those who acquire bilingualism in their later years. It is important to test bilingualism of a person both in early and later stages of life since it is easier to note the transformation in terms of intelligence, cognitive ability, and fluency (Wolfgang, 2001). This research was conducted using two sources. The first source is an article called â€Å"Block play performance among preschoolers as a predictor of later school achievement in mathematics† by Charles Wolfgang et al. The second source is a book called â€Å"Affect in Language Learning† written by Jane Arnold. The two sources are best suited for this essay since they use practical examples in their analysis of the issue.

Prewriting Essay Example for Free

Prewriting Essay 1.   I would write about love because I feel love is a tree and romance is just one of its branches. There are other dimensions of love as well apart from romance. In the essay I would touch upon all these dimensions. Apart from love between a man and a woman, there is love between a teacher and a student, love between two friends, love between a man and his pet, love between a celebrity and his fans, love between siblings. I would touch upon all these dimensions of love in the essay. Then I would bring into focus the most divine form of love and that is the love between a mother and her child. I would elaborate on how unique this form of love is and it cannot die or change no matter how advanced the world becomes. I would write that the bond between a mother and her child is natural. This is because they are physically attached to each other for nine months. Due to the capacity of bearing children mothering instinct comes naturally to women. The intensity of this instinct might vary from person to person but it cannot be completely absent in a woman. A mother always prioritizes her child above herself. This selflessness is rare in all the other dimensions of love. I would also focus on the main concepts like jealousy, codependency, idealization, stereotyping etc. that involve different types of relations and would connect all these concepts to a mother-child relationship. This would help in understanding this divine attachment between two human beings in more depth. I would conclude the essay by weaving all the main points highlighted above into a string of points that would point towards the main idea that though there are many forms of love, the love between a mother and a child always excels above others. 2.   I would write about why we need gossip in our culture. I think that gossip is one of the necessities of human beings and all of us love to indulge in it whether consciously or unconsciously. But there are very few of us who like to accept our inclination to indulge in gossip. Even when we are gossiping about our classmates, colleagues, neighbors, celebrities, teachers etc. our conscious mind always tries to project ourselves as a person who does not indulge in this kind of lowly activities. In the essay I would like to focus on the fact that the intensity of our indulgence or love for gossip might differ from one person to another but just like other necessities like food, water, shelter etc. this also becomes one of our needs. I would write that one of the main reasons why some people gossip less when compared to others is because they have less time than the others in this fast paced world. In this context I would quote the example of the reality show, ‘Big Brother’ where the participants are not allowed anything other than the basic necessities and apart from food it is gossip that gives them the strength to survive in a controlled environment. I would write that no matter what the age or the background of the participants is every one uses this tool to ooze out his anger, distress or dissatisfaction. Some people start instantly while others take a little time to open up but ultimately every one engages in this activity. To conclude I would point out that all of us abhor the term gossip attached to our personalities. But in reality this should not be the case. We do not want to accept this important need of our existence because we relate only negative points to this activity. We should consider gossip as a way of socializing which is yet another important requirement of a healthy human mind. It helps in taking out the baggage that we carry in our inner self. However we should always try to indulge in healthy gossip instead of dirty gossip meant to malign others. In healthy gossip many people would be our friends while in the latter we will invite more foes. 3.   I would like to write about the changing attitude towards dating. Years ago dating was a taboo. Then it became an acceptable part of our society. Now it is indispensable for any relationship to bloom. The courtship period that comprises of dating and  calling cannot be imagined without these elements of love. In the essay I would write about changing attitude towards dating not only in the western culture but also in other cultures. There are a many cultures for, example in Asia, where interaction between girls and boys was not acceptable till recent times but since dating has become an integral part of western culture, these cultures are also getting influenced by this concept. The difference in the change of attitude in the  Asian countries compared to  the western  countries is that though it is being accepted the level of acceptance is lower in the Asian countries. I would highlight the point that how gradually dating has started being considered as a means of just spending a good time with the person towards whom one is romantically inclined unlike the yesteryears where it was considered a foundation of long term relationships. In the conclusion of the essay, I would write that courtship consists of dating but not vice versa. Where dating is just for fun, flirting is likely to be one of its components. 4.  Ã‚  I would like to write about anxiety disorder. In the beginning of the essay I would present an overview of the disease. I would mention that many disorders are collectively referred as anxiety disorder. These disorders are generalized anxiety disorder, post traumatic stress disorder, specific phobia, agoraphobia etc. In fact anxiety disorder is a blanket term that encompasses within itself different types of anxiety, fear, nervous condition or phobia. It can occur suddenly or gradually and can affect people of different age groups and genders. Then I would focus on the causes. Apart from the psychological causes, I would also touch upon the hereditary and genetic causes of the disease. This disease disrupts the day-to-day activities of the people suffering from it. I would write about the symptoms of anxiety disorders. For example there are psychological symptoms like social avoidance, depression, frustration, lack of concentration etc. Apart from that there are physical symptoms too, for example dizzy spells, fatigue, chest pain etc. This would throw light upon how it affects the people suffering from it. Apart from medication there are other things like good family atmosphere, indulgence in some constructive work and exercises that help in the recovery process. I would mention that the people suffering from it should be honest to the practitioners so that they  get cured in the right way.

The importance of strategic information

The importance of strategic information Abstract In a global marketplace, information has emerged as an agent and enabler of new competitiveness for todays enterprise. However the paradigm of strategic planning changes sufficiently to support the new role of information and technology. The question is, are changes can support the new role of information and technology and what is the relationship between strategic information system planning with the development database in an organization. Therefore, the development of strategic information system planning is importance in an organization. Strategic information system planning (SISP) is the process of creating a portfolio based on the use of information system in order to achieve organizational goals and objectives. Within SISP, organizational can clearly define their organizational goals, the critical success factor (CSF) and the problem areas within the organization activity. This article is to discuss the importance of SISP and its relationship with organizational database deve lopment and implementation. Keywords Strategic Information System Planning, SISP, DBMS, CSF, EI Introduction A succeed organization will have proper SISP to drive the organization to achieve their business needs and business goals. For that, SISP is developing to make sure that all activities support organizations business plan and at the same time align with its business needs and business goals. SISP is also use to predict the organization future. Within SISP, organization can avoid from barrier that they predict in a long term planning. Rockart (1979) stated that top management firm doesnt not much interest to the relationship between information system function and corporate strategy. He also said information system is treated as some back-room operation in support of day-to-day operation in an organization. As referred to Lederer A. L ( 1996), strategic information system planning is one of the major issues because of it is often face the failure while implement it. Many applications recommended by strategic information system planning studies are often disregarded while many other applications are implemented. Strategic information system planning is important to an organization because it can influence an organization favorably, and is difficult to accomplish, it is a legitimate target for research. Factor affecting strategic information system planning include top management of IS that are IS managers and chief information officer (CIO) emphasize the importance of their relationship with the Chief Executive Officer (CEO). Those closer to the CEO have a better understanding of the CEOs expectations. It is good to have a good relationship between CIO and other business unit for obtaining understanding and support of current and potential clients. Lack of management commitment and the absence of the control mechanism necessary to ensure the success of the plans can impede its implementation. Strategic Information System Planning According to Lederer and Sethi (1988) in 1980s, the concept of strategic information system planning (SISP) evolved. They come with the two concept of SISP. The first one is SISP viewed as the process of identifying a portfolio of computer based applications that will assist an organization in achieving the business plan and at the same time achieve the business organization goals. Meanwhile the second one is SISP involved searching for application with a high impact and with the ability to create an advantage over competitors to gain competitive advantage. Based on the theory of SISP, it can be define that the process of identifying a portfolio of computer-based applications to be implemented aligned with the corporate strategy and has the ability to create an advantage over competitors. Organization goals is analyze by defining what exactly organization hope in order to accomplish the goals. After organization goals have been analyzed, then critical success factor will evaluated so that it will affect the organization goals and objective in long term. Critical success factor is the element that organization should know and must work in order to survive in the business environmental. And lastly, identify the problem areas which are the weaknesses that organization already have. SISP help organization in overall strategic planning process in effectively and efficiently. Rogerson and Fidler (1994), a study on satisfaction using SISP showed that most organization that used SISP in running their operation more satisfied with the planning process and outcome than those who did not implement specific SISP method. SISP participants include top business, functional area, and information system management. In an organization, the success of IS plan can be determined with the involvement and commitment of senior management. Involvement of senior management is very important to determine whether the success or failure of the project. Senior management was the backlog behind the success of the project. Within SISP also can be used to improve the communication between top management and users regarding IT. This actually gain top management commitment. Communication and commitment will also help in increasingly the visibility of IT in organization. The purpose of SISP is to ensure that the IT organization align with the strategic goals of organization. Alignment of IT organization and business goals has been used to control and ensure that business goals will achieve and all the operation included the IT and IS that used in running the organization will keep in track. As referred to Earl (1993) , SISP alignment will also help in identifying strategic applications, identifying new and higher payback applications, and developing an information architecture. Organizations also use the SISP to help in forecasting and allocating IT resources. With SISP, also can avoid loss of control of IS/IT in an organization. SISP is needed for the system to ensure the system that used in the organization integrated with other system or not. Without SISP in an organization, may lead to missed opportunity, duplicate system, incompatible system and wasted resources. Importance of Strategic Information System Planning The importance of SISP in an organization has been well documented within the IS literature. Within SISP, the integration of IS function within organization can be facilitate. Besides, SISP supports the identification of opportunities to use information systems for strategic purpose. SISP also ensures that adequate resources or the use of scarce resources are allocated to critical application and the use of resources in properly manner. With SISP, can ensures that the IS function support the organizational goals and objectives and also the activities at every level. Having a good strategic information system planning in organization, will determine whether the organization will success or failure. The reason why organization needs good strategic information system planning is that it can help organization to avoid misused of scarce resources. By planning, only projects that can generate good returns will get investors from the firm. A good planning is very important to avoid problem such as the misuse and wasted resources in form of system that nobody likes and used the system effectively. When a new system developed, pre-existing system can be used to communicate or interface properly and at the same time avoid the problem of Islands of automation. This can be happen if the organization has proper planning for their organization. Before develop a new system, planning is very important to make sure the smooth of business operation. First of all, the organization should identify their needs. Development of system should be a response to need whether at the transaction processing level or at the more complex information and support system levels. Priorities, objectives and authorization for information system projects need to be formalized first. The system development plan should identify the project resources that needed the procedures, and constraints for each application area. Planning should be flexible to adjust the priorities if necessary. Furthermore, to facilitate understanding of each application the plan must be specific enough. According to King, (King, 1995) in his article has argued that a strategic capability architecture mu st flexible and continuously improving infrastructure of organizational capabilities and at the same time gain companys sustainable competitive advantage. It is important to have SISP to maximize the benefits of changing technology and to take account of the different viewpoints of business professionals and IT professionals. System investments are made to support business objectives and also to gain inadequate infrastructure. SISP is important because it emphasizes the need to bring IT to bear on and sometimes influence strategic direction of the corporation is widely accepted by researchers. This is particularly true in contemporary environments where harnessing the power of technology resources could be critical for competitiveness. Relationship with Organizational Database Development Data are the raw material from which information is produced. Therefore, it is not surprising that in todays information-driven environment, data are a valuable asset that requires careful management. To access datas monetary value, data that stored in company database are data about customers, suppliers, inventory, and operations and so on. Imagine that all the data in the database loss. What will happen if the situation like that happen? Data loss puts any company in a difficult position. The company might be unable to handle daily operation effectively; it might be faced with the loss of customers who require quick and efficient service, and it might lose the opportunity to gain new customers. Data are a valuable resource that can translate into information. If the information is accurate and timely, it is likely to trigger action that enhance the companys competitive position and generate wealth. In effect, an organization is subject to a data information decision cycle; that is the data user applies intelligence to data to produce information that is the basis of knowledge used in decision making by the user. A critical success factor of an organization is efficient asset management. Critical success factor involve the management in an organization to know the current status of the organization in ICT. Based on the analysis of the business environment of the corporation, the critical success factors concerning the firm are identified. Critical success factor is refer to the limited number of area in which result, if satisfactory will ensure successful competitive performance for the organization. There are such area where things must go right for the business to flourish. Thus, the factor that are critical for accomplishing the objectives are identified at this stage. To manage data as a corporate asset, managers must understand the value of information that is processed data. Data are used by different people in different departments for different reasons. Therefore, data management must address the concept of shared data. Whatever the type of organization, the database predominant role is to support managerial decision making at all level in the organization. Thats why, SISP play a big role in organization. SISP is an important management function. It can help an organization use information technology (IT) more competitively, identify new, higher payback IT applications, and better forecast IT resources requirements. An organizations managerial structure might be divided into three levels which are top, middle and operational. Top level management makes strategic decisions; middle management makes tactical decisions and operational management make daily operational decisions. Operational decisions are short terms and affect only daily operations for example deciding to change the price of a product to clear it from inventory. Tactical decision involve a longer time frame and after larger scale operation; for example changing the price of a product in response to competitive pressures. Strategic decisions are those that affect the long term well-being of the company or even its survival; for example changing pricing strategy across product lines to capture market share. This shows that having a good SISP will lead the organization to achieve the goal and objective in short or long term in an organization. Database : Special Consideration The companys database is also known as the corporate or enterprise database. The enterprise database might be defined as the companys data representation that provides support for all present and expected future operations. Most of todays successful organization depends on the enterprise database to provide support for all of their operations from design to implementation to sales and services and from strategic planning to daily decision making. Having a computerized database management system does not guarantee that the data will be properly used to provide the best solution required by managers. A DBMS is just a tool for managing data and must be used effectively to produce the desired result. The introduction of a DBMS represents a big change and challenge. Throughout the organization, the DBMS is likely to have a profound impact, which might be positive or negative depending on how it administered. For example, one key consideration is adapting the DBMS to the organization rather than forcing the organization to adapt to the DBMS. The main issues should be the organizations needs rather than the DBMSs technical capabilities. However, the introduction of a DBMS cannot be accomplished without affecting the organization. The flood of new DBMS generated information has a profound effect on the way the organization functions and, therefore, on its corporate culture. The introduction of a DBMS into an organization requires careful planning to create an appropriate organizational structure to accommodate the person or people responsible for administering the DBMS. The organizational structure must also be subject to well developed monitoring and controlling functions. The administration personnel must have excellent interpersonal and communication skill combined with broad organizational and business understanding. Top management must be committed to the new system and must define and support the data administration functions, goals, and roles within the organization and that also the need of SISP in an organization. In the database development process, there have importance elements in order to develop the database. First, we need to identify the strategic planning factors. The strategic planning factors are in term of the goals of organization that want to achieve, the critical success factor and the problem areas in achieving the goals. In 80s and 90s, there has been a growing realization of the need to make information system of strategic information to an organization. In order to put the planning for strategic information system in perspective the evolution of information systems according to the three era model of John Ward, et al. (1990) is pertinent. According to this model, there are three distinct, albeit overlapping, eras of information system, dating back to the 60s. The relationship over time of the three eras of information system is shown in table 1: Data processing, management information system and strategic information system need to be planned and manage effectively and efficiently. Strategic information system needs to cater to the strategic demand of organization. For example, serving the business goals and creating competitive advantage as well as meeting their data processing and MIS needs. The key point is, as I just said before, organization need to have proper planning not only as tools for cutting cost but as means to adding value. Database Development and Implementation. For a company to succeed, its activities must be committed to its main objectives or mission. Therefore, regardless of a companys size, a critical step for any organization is to ensure that its information system supports is strategic plan for each of its business areas. The database administration strategy must not conflict with the information systems plans. After all, the information system plans are derived from a detailed analysis of the companys goal, its condition or situation and its business needs. Several methodologies are available to ensure the compatibility of data administration and information systems plans and to guide the strategic plan development. The most commonly used methodology is known as information engineering. Information engineering (IE) allows for the translation of the companys strategic goals into the data and application that will help the company achieve those goals. IE focuses on the description of the corporate data instead of the process. The IE rational is simple; business data type tends to remain fairly stable and do not change much during their existence. In contrast, processes change is often and thus require the frequent modification of existing system. By placing the emphasize on data, IE helps decrease the impact on systems when process change. The output of IE process is an Information system architecture (ISA) that serves as the basis for planning, development, and control of the future information system. Conclusion Linking IS to business goals is the heart of IS planning and without this link, the IS function will not have major relevance for the organization. Choosing the right planning methodology depends on the current use and spread of technology within the organization and the importance of the current systems. Resources available such as staff, skill, CASE tools, etc. will also impact this process. It appears that the use of more than one methodology should be recommended. While new technology can be advantageous, it can also pose severe problems if the right skills and expertise are not available to use it properly. The success of the overall information system strategy and therefore of the data administration strategy depends on the several critical success factors. Understanding the critical success factor help the database administration (DBA) develops a successful corporate data administration strategy. However, no matter how comprehensive the list of success factor is, it must be based on the notion that development and implementation of a successful data administration strategy are tightly integrated with the overall information system planning activity of the organization. References Lederer, A. L., Salmela, H. (1996). Towards a Theory of Strategic Information System Planning. Journal of Strategic Information System, 5, 237-253. Retrieved February 15, 2010 from: http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/els/09638687/1996/00000005/00000003/art80005 Doherty, N. F., Marples, C. G., Suhaimi, A. (1999). The Relative Success of Alternative Approaches to Strategic Information System Planning: An Empirical Analysis. Journal of Strategic Information System, 8, 263-283. 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